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@einen tatrs latrnt @fitte IMPROVEMENT IN HYDROSTATIG PRESSES.

@its 5:11am referrer tu iii-tiger Eaters @anni mit making part nf its sume.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CHARLES-GRAHAM, of Kingston, in the county of Luzerne, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrostatic Presses and Jacks, applicable to testing springs and other purposes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a hydrostatic press embracing my improvements.

Figurel 2, a vertical section of the same at right angles to iig. l; and

Figure 3, a similar view, in part, on an enlarged scale.

Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures.

The nature of my invention consists, first, -in a novel construction of the pumpcylinder by an enlargement of it at the entry end, so as, in elect, toform a receiving valve, and whereby a solid plunger may be used; also, in a novel arrangement of reservoir, stationary press-ram and pump, and whereby dirt and sediment are caused to collect round the exterior of the bottom of the pump and are restrained from being drawn into the latter. The invention also consists in a novel arrangement of the relieving valve and operation of it relatively to the motion of the plunger.

`Referring to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates my improvements as applied to a hydrostatic press for testing car-springs, equally applicable to other purposes, and more or less so to hydrostatic jacks for lifting or reversing the position of the ram and correspondingly modifying the accompanying parts, A is the bed of the press,- supporting, by columns B,'a closed reservoir, C, which has a vertical lower tubular attachment to or extension of it, forming stationary press-ram, D, within the lower part of which is arranged the pump E, that may be inserted through and screwed into the bottom endsof said ram, or otherwise secured thereto. The upper fportion of said pumpbarrel is proportioned or arranged so as, in its projection into or within the press-ram D, to leave a space between its exterior and the interior of said ram. This space forms a chamber for the collection of sediment and dirt contained in the liquid out of the way of the Working parts, and' where it is restrained or'prevented from being drawn into the pump E, the barrel ofwhich is open at its top, and the lower portion of which is provided with a check-valve, a, supported by a spring, through which the liquid, supplied by or from the reservoir C to the pump, is forced by the descent of the plunger b of the latter into the outside ram or cylinder F, that, in this instance, is the presser. The pump-barrel is enlarged or of conical form at its upper and open vend,'so that the plunger b, on being lifted by the lever G, leaves a clear space or opening around and underneath it for liquid to enter the barrel o'f the pump, and which is expelled in the next descent of the plunger through the check-valve a. This construction and action of the pump allow of a solid plunger being used, and dispense with a. receiving-valve proper, the enlargement of the open end of the barrel, in connection with the end of the plunger, forming virtually such a valve. By giving this enlargement a `tapering formation, its action as-a valve is natural and gradual, and an easy-guiding entry established for the plunger at or toward the commencement of its forcing stroke. As an equivalent of this tapered construction holes may be maden the sides of the barrel neat its top, On one side of the check-valve a is the relief-valve d for. opening communication at pleasure between the rain F and reservoir C, when it is desired to relieve the ram of pressure and admit of its being liftezl or returned to its normal position, say by a yoke, H, acted upon by chain, weight, and pulley, or other means. This relief-valve d is also supported or closed by a spring, and opens toward the receiving-chamber of the ram. It has connected lwith it a rod, e, parallel with the plunger, and which, on being depressed, opens the valve. Said rod may be depressed by various means, say by turning a handle,f, the stem of which carries a wedge-shaped or spiral cam, g, restrained by a spring, z', from action on a lower cam, h, that is connected with a rod, e, and which,l on suitably turning .the upper cam g, is depressed, and with it the rod e to open the relief-valveor, instead of the handlef being used to work the rod e, a collar, adjustable or otherwise, onthepump-plunger or its rod, may, .on working the lever G below its ordinary range of action for pumping, be employed to act upon the rode to open said valve, the arrangement of which, relatively to the plunger, admits of it being thus worked with every convenience and facility. Attached to the outside cylinder or ram F may be the lisual or any suitable indicato.;` I, for showing the amount of pressure exerted by the ram.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the reservoir C, stationary press-ram D, and pump E, arranged within said rain, as

described, with a space between it and the latter for collection of sediment or dirt, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The arrangement,of the relief-valvfe d relatively to the pump E,ra.m D, and ramF, for operation essentially as described.'

OHAS. GRAHAM. Witnesses:

H. D. CoNovER, ROBT RUTHVEN. 

